Designing and Understanding Instructional Media
I. Presentation on Designing Instructional Media
A. What are the 4 key guidelines for designing instructional media?
1. Contrast
a. Difference between
luminance foreground and
background
b. Use a light text on a dark background or a dark text on a light background
c. Research says that yellow text on a blue background is effective for learning
2. Repetition
a. We want users to use their cognitive resources to understand the information we provide, not to figure out the content of the slide
b. Use the same font type, type of bullets, consistent use of borders; make a pattern for laying out the information and stick with it
3. Alignment
a. Don’t make readers
confused
b. Remember that we are taught to read left and right and top to bottom
4. Proximity
a. Put related concepts closer together on the slide but make sure the slide does not become busy
B. What should you consider when designing online materials?
1. Always keep the learner in mind. Make sure they are using their cognitive resources to understand the information provided, not how it is being presented.
C. What strategies can be used to design effective instructional media?
1. Use lots of white space
2. Keep the number of words on each page low
3. Use keywords or phrases and shorten the length of the information presented
4. Don’t use several or fancy fonts
5. When possible, uses boxes to organize the content of the slide
6. 28-point font is best for projection
a. 24-point font is the absolute lowest for projections
7. Don’t use confusing graphics or backgrounds
II. Web Resources, Multimedia, Hypermedia
A. Hypermedia
1. From presentation, “A program or product that contains media that are connected by links and media and allow a person to navigate through a document, resource, or system in a non-linear fashion.”
2. Leads to motivation and proactive learning
3. Learners are able to organize their thoughts in new ways, which lead to improved writing and processing skills
4. Examples—commercial multimedia/hypermedia and interactive videodisc packages
B. Multimedia
1. From presentation, “ A program or product that can contain still pictures, moving pictures, sound, animation, text, motion pictures, video and it is considered multimedia as long as any two are combined.”
a. Flexibility because users are able to choose the two resources that make it multimedia
b. Critical and Creative Thinking skills are developed because there are a wide variety of options available to users
c. Examples: Presentation software editing tools and video production and editing systems
C. Limitations
1. Lack of Training
a. Training needed in software skills and integration techniques
2. Projections Needs
a. Need for LCD projectors
3. Memory
a. need for large amounts of storage
4. Integration Issues
a. lack of time during school day
III. Information Literacy
A. Domain
1. Found after the http:// and www and extends to the first forward slash
B. Extension
1. Type of establishment
a. .com, .edu
C. Publisher
1. Easywhois.com
D. History
1. www.archive.org
E. External Links
1. Altavista.com
IV. Relating to Major
A. Most of the information we covered this week does not directly relate to my major. As a journalist, I will rarely give formal speeches that require the use of a projector and all of the information we learned about contrast, alignment, repetition, and proximity as well as the other design techniques. I will use these techniques in college but I will most likely not use them after I graduate. The one portion of this week’s learning that does relate to my major is information literacy. When gathering information for stories, I will need to validate the sources I am using. By identifying the domain, extension, publisher, history, and external links, I will be able to verify the credibility of my sources.
V. I chose this Youtube video from the University of California Irvine Science Library because it takes a look at how to evaluate web content in a compare/contrast way. Since the only thing I identified with this week is verifying web content, I thought it would be fitting to choose a clip on this subject. The clip stresses the importance of trustworthy content and how to check on the domain, extension, publisher, history, and external links.
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